{"id":3948,"date":"2022-03-25T15:20:25","date_gmt":"2022-03-25T12:20:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/?p=3948"},"modified":"2022-03-25T16:31:20","modified_gmt":"2022-03-25T13:31:20","slug":"oil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/oil\/","title":{"rendered":"Oil"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Beslenme modelimiz i\u00e7inde ya\u011f t\u00fcketmek bir gereklilik midir? <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>

G\u00fcnl\u00fck beslenme rejimimizin makro elementleri Protein, karbonhidrat ve ya\u011flard\u0131r. B\u00f6yle bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ya\u011flar\u0131n da beslenmemizde \u00f6nemli bir yeri oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. G\u00fcnl\u00fck enerji ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131nda temel fonksiyonlar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

V\u00fccudumuzda sentezlenemeyen ve bu nedenle d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan al\u0131nmas\u0131 zorunlu olan ya\u011f asitleri ya\u011flardan sa\u011flan\u0131r. V\u00fccut s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sabit tutulmas\u0131ndan ya\u011flar sorumludur. A, D, E, K gibi ya\u011fda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnen vitaminlerin v\u00fccudumuza al\u0131nmas\u0131 yine ya\u011flar\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla olur.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (WHO), g\u00fcnl\u00fck al\u0131nan toplam enerjinin en fazla %30\u2019unun ya\u011flardan al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n uygun olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu miktar\u0131n en fazla 1\/3\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn doymu\u015f ya\u011f olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini bildirmektedir. G\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u00fcketilen trans ya\u011f miktar\u0131n\u0131n ise g\u00fcnl\u00fck al\u0131nan toplam enerjinin en fazla %1\u2019i kadar olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi vurgulanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak ya\u011f t\u00fcketmek gereklidir. Ancak t\u00fcketilen ya\u011f\u0131n miktar\u0131 kadar tipi de \u00f6nemlidir.\u00a0 Doymu\u015f ya\u011f ve doymu\u015f ya\u011f i\u00e7eren \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin t\u00fcketiminin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilmektedir. WHO, g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u011f t\u00fcketimindeki y\u00fczdeliklerin doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011flar lehine artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulamaktad\u0131r. <\/u><\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/section>\n

Doymu\u015f ya\u011f nedir? <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>

Doymu\u015f ya\u011flar\u0131 en anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r bi\u00e7imde, oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kat\u0131 durumda olan ya\u011flar olarak tan\u0131mlamak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Pek \u00e7ok hayvansal ya\u011f, palm ya\u011f\u0131, Hindistan cevizi ya\u011f\u0131 ve margarin doymu\u015f ya\u011flar i\u00e7erisinde yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/section>\n

Tekli ve \u00e7oklu doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011f nedir? <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>

K\u0131saca oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda s\u0131v\u0131 olarak bulunan ya\u011flar doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011flard\u0131r. \u00c7o\u011fu bitkisel ya\u011f doymam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rn: Zeytinya\u011f\u0131, ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi ya\u011f\u0131, f\u0131nd\u0131k ya\u011f\u0131, m\u0131s\u0131r ya\u011f\u0131 vb.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/section>\n

Omega 3 ve omega 6 ya\u011f asitleri nedir? <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>

Omega 3 ve 6, v\u00fccudumuza d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan al\u0131nmas\u0131 zorunlu olan \u00e7oklu doymam\u0131\u015f ya\u011f asitleridir. V\u00fccudumuzda sentezlenmezler.<\/p>\n

Omega 3\u2019\u00fcn kalp ve damar sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. Kan p\u0131ht\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 ve damar sertle\u015fmesini reg\u00fcle eden s\u00fcreci ba\u015flat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Omega 6\u2019n\u0131n kalp ve damar sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumaya destek oldu\u011fu, cilt ve sa\u00e7 geli\u015fimini reg\u00fcle etti\u011fi, kemik sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na destek oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir.<\/p>\n

Omega 6 sadece bitkisel kaynaklardan sa\u011flan\u0131rken (ay\u00e7i\u00e7e\u011fi ya\u011f\u0131, soya ya\u011f\u0131, m\u0131s\u0131r ya\u011f\u0131 gibi bitkisel ya\u011flar ay \u00e7ekirde\u011fi, ceviz gibi yemi\u015flerde bulunurken); Omega 3, bitkisel kaynaklara ilave olarak ya\u011fl\u0131 bal\u0131klar ve deniz \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinde de bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ceviz ve \u00e7iya tohumu da \u00f6nemli Omega 3 kaynaklar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/section>\n

Margarin nedir? <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>

Margarin, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kla bitkisel ya\u011flardan elde edilen ancak zaman zaman s\u00fct ya\u011f\u0131 da i\u00e7erebilen s\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir ya\u011f \u00e7e\u015fididir.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/section>\n

T\u00fcm margarinlerin doymu\u015f ya\u011f i\u00e7eri\u011fi ayn\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r? <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>

Hay\u0131r de\u011fildir. Kullan\u0131lan teknolojilere ve amaca g\u00f6re doymu\u015f ya\u011f i\u00e7erikleri de\u011fi\u015febilir. Yasal d\u00fczenlemelere g\u00f6re her bir margarinin besin \u00f6geleri tablosu i\u00e7ermesi ve doymu\u015f ya\u011f bilgisini de vermesi gerekmektedir. T\u00fcketicilerin etiketteki bilgileri okuyarak \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc se\u00e7meleri do\u011fru bir yakla\u015f\u0131m olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/section>\n

Trans ya\u011f nedir? <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>

Trans ya\u011f, k\u00f6t\u00fc kolesterol\u00fc (LDL) y\u00fckselten, iyi kolesterol\u00fc (HDL) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren bir ya\u011fd\u0131r. Bu nedenle doymu\u015f ya\u011flardan daha zararl\u0131d\u0131r. Doymu\u015f ya\u011flar sadece kolestrol\u00fc y\u00fckseltir, oysa trans ya\u011f bunun \u00f6tesinde iyi kolestrol\u00fc de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. G\u0131dalarla t\u00fcketilen en k\u00f6t\u00fc ya\u011f olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. S\u0131v\u0131 ya\u011flar margarin ya da shorteninge d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken, yani doymam\u0131\u015f s\u0131v\u0131 ya\u011flar, hidrojenasyon y\u00f6ntemiyle doymu\u015f hale getirilirken olu\u015fan ya\u011flard\u0131r. Trans ya\u011f pek \u00e7ok k\u0131zarm\u0131\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnde ve kek, donut, turta gibi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde de bulunur.\u00a0 K\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 et, s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri gibi hayvansal g\u0131dalar da trans ya\u011f i\u00e7erirler; ancak k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck miktarlarda.<\/p>\n

Hidrojenasyon teknolojisi bu nedenle 2000\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda terk edilerek trans ya\u011f olu\u015fumu engellenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/section>\n

Margarin \u00fcretiminde trans ya\u011f sorunu nas\u0131l \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlendi? <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>

Trans ya\u011f sorunu yeni margarin \u00fcretim teknolojileri sayesinde ya\u011f\u0131n yap\u0131 ta\u015flar\u0131 olan ya\u011f asitlerinin hidrojenasyon i\u015flemi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, trans ya\u011f olu\u015fumuna yol a\u00e7mayan y\u00f6ntemler ile doyurulmas\u0131 yoluyla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Margarinde kolesterol var m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong>
\nKolesterol hayvansal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde bulunur. Bitkisel k\u00f6kenli \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde kolesterol yoktur. Bitkisel ya\u011flardan yap\u0131lan margarinler de kolesterol i\u00e7ermezler. Ancak s\u00fct ya\u011f\u0131 kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olanlar (bu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin etiketinde s\u00fct ya\u011f\u0131 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr) bir miktar kolesterol i\u00e7erirler.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/section>\n

Margarinin i\u00e7inde katk\u0131 maddesi var m\u0131? Nas\u0131l o kadar kal\u0131p halinde durabiliyor? <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>

Margarinin i\u00e7inde T\u00fcrk G\u0131da Kodeksi katk\u0131 maddeleri Y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi\u2019nde yasal olarak izin verilen katk\u0131 maddeleri bulunabilir. Margarinde kullan\u0131lan katk\u0131 \u00a0maddelerinin i\u015flevleri aras\u0131nda margarini kal\u0131p \u015feklinde tutmak yoktur. Kat\u0131 ya\u011flar, doymu\u015f olduklar\u0131 ve genelde oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda s\u0131v\u0131 hale ge\u00e7medikleri i\u00e7in kat\u0131d\u0131r. Kald\u0131 ki t\u00fcketiciler, son y\u0131llarda olduk\u00e7a yumu\u015fak formda margarine ula\u015fabilmektedirler. Bu margarinlerin yumu\u015fak olmas\u0131 doymu\u015f ya\u011f miktar\u0131n\u0131n daha az olmas\u0131ndand\u0131r.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/section>\n

Margarinlerin \u00fczerinde \"Trans ya\u011f i\u00e7ermez\" ibaresi bulunuyor. Bu do\u011fru mu? <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>

Margarin ambalajlar\u0131nda bulunan “<%1” ibaresi, margarinlerin y\u00fczde 1’den daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oranlarda trans ya\u011f i\u00e7erdi\u011fini ifade eder. Mevzuat, bu d\u00fczeydeki trans ya\u011f oran\u0131 i\u00e7in “Trans ya\u011f i\u00e7ermez” ibaresinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na izin vermektedir.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/section>\n

Polar madde nedir? <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>

G\u0131dalar\u0131n k\u0131zart\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7ok uzun s\u00fcredir kullan\u0131lan ve ba\u015fl\u0131ca amac\u0131 g\u0131dalara \u00f6zel bir tat, renk, ve doku kazand\u0131rmak olan, ayr\u0131ca g\u0131dan\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 pi\u015fmesini sa\u011flayan bir pi\u015firme y\u00f6ntemidir. K\u0131zartma s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u0131da maddesi ile k\u0131zartma ya\u011f\u0131 aras\u0131nda ayn\u0131 anda \u00f6nemli miktarda \u0131s\u0131 ve k\u00fctle iletimi olur. Bu iletimler sonucunda hem g\u0131dada hem de ya\u011fda baz\u0131 fiziksel ve kimyasal de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. K\u0131zartma ya\u011flar\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan istenmeyen kimyasal de\u011fi\u015fiklikler polar madde d\u00fczeyi ile \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. Polar madde d\u00fczeyinin \u00fcst limit olarak y\u00fczde 26 olmas\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu limiti a\u015fan d\u00fczeyde polar madde i\u00e7eren k\u0131zartma ya\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131k g\u0131da olarak kullan\u0131lmamas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Avrupa Birli\u011fi mevzuat\u0131 ve T\u00fcrk G\u0131da Kodeksi, k\u0131zartmal\u0131k ya\u011flar\u0131n kullan\u0131m, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm ve s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011ferlerini ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/section>\n

Polar maddelerin kanserojen etkisi oldu\u011fu do\u011fru mu? <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>

Evet do\u011fru. Avrupa Birli\u011fi \u00fclkelerinde polar madde oran\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst limiti olarak y\u00fczde 24-27 aras\u0131nda de\u011ferler verilmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcrkiye’de maksimum \u00fcst limit oran\u0131 y\u00fczde 26 olarak benimsenmi\u015ftir. K\u0131zartmal\u0131k ya\u011flarda polar madde oran\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 25’in \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 kanserojen etkinin ba\u015flama e\u015fi\u011fi olarak kabul edilir.<\/p>\n <\/div> <\/div> <\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3949,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3948"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3948"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3948\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3956,"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3948\/revisions\/3956"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3949"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3948"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3948"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3948"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}