{"id":1861,"date":"2022-03-23T11:30:39","date_gmt":"2022-03-23T08:30:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/?p=1861"},"modified":"2022-03-23T11:33:21","modified_gmt":"2022-03-23T08:33:21","slug":"food-safety","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/food-safety\/","title":{"rendered":"Food Safety"},"content":{"rendered":"<div   class=\"togglecontainer  av-minimal-toggle toggle_close_all  hasCurrentStyle avia-builder-el-0  avia-builder-el-no-sibling \" data-currentstyle='color:#000000; border-color:#000000; background-color:#ef4d28; '>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-1\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-1\">G\u0131day\u0131 nas\u0131l tan\u0131mlayabiliriz? <span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-1\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>G\u0131dan\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131, g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi penceresinden bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda t\u00fcketicilerin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden biraz farkl\u0131 ve kapsaml\u0131d\u0131r. G\u0131dalar t\u00fcketici g\u00f6z\u00fcyle en basit tarifle beslenmek ve ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in yenilen, i\u00e7ilen maddeler olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Sonra biraz daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcnce yenilen, i\u00e7ilen ancak besleyici olmayan maddeler de t\u00fcketildi\u011fi fark edilir. Alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7kiler, sak\u0131zlar buna en temel \u00f6rnek olabilir. Bu durumda t\u00fcketmekten ho\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in yedi\u011fimiz, i\u00e7ti\u011fimiz maddeler g\u0131da m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/p>\n<p>G\u0131da; tedavi ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lan t\u0131bb\u00ee \u00fcr\u00fcnler, kozmetikler, t\u00fct\u00fcn ve t\u00fct\u00fcn mamulleri, narkotik veya psikotropik maddeler hari\u00e7, insanlar taraf\u0131ndan yenilen, i\u00e7ilen veya yenilmesi, i\u00e7ilmesi beklenen her t\u00fcrl\u00fc maddedir.<\/p>\n<p>Sak\u0131z, alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7kiler, g\u0131da katk\u0131 maddeleri g\u0131dad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Hatta \u00fcr\u00fcnleri insanlarca t\u00fcketilmekte olan s\u00fct, et ve yumurtas\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131lan canl\u0131 hayvanlar da g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan g\u0131da tan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7indedir.<\/p>\n<p>G\u0131da besleyici olmayabilir; hatta her zaman sindirilebilir olmayabilir. \u00d6rn: Diyet lifleri, posalar.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-2\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-2\">G\u00fcvenli g\u0131da nedir? <span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-2\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Raf \u00f6mr\u00fc s\u00fcresince fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik riskleri kabul edilebilir seviyelerde ta\u015f\u0131yan g\u0131dalar g\u00fcvenli g\u0131dalard\u0131r. G\u00fcvenli g\u0131da, sa\u011fl\u0131k riski ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmadan t\u00fcketilecek g\u0131dad\u0131r.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-3\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-3\">G\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi nedir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-3\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>G\u0131dalar\u0131n tarladan\/\u00e7iftlikten\/do\u011fadan son t\u00fcketiciye g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde ula\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereken b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u015flemleri kapsar. G\u0131dalar\u0131n birincil \u00fcretimi, i\u015flenmesi, depolanmas\u0131, markete ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, saklanmas\u0131 ve son t\u00fcketiciye ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na kadar b\u00fct\u00fcn a\u015famalar g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi y\u00f6netim sistemleriyle y\u00f6netilmelidir.<\/p>\n<p>K\u0131saca g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi; g\u0131dalarda olabilecek her t\u00fcrl\u00fc zarar\u0131n bertaraf edilmesi i\u00e7in al\u0131nan tedbirler b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-4\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-4\">G\u0131dalar tehlike i\u00e7erir mi? <span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-4\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Evet. G\u0131dalar birincil \u00fcretimden itibaren \u00e7evreden, hammaddenin do\u011fas\u0131ndan, i\u015fleme y\u00f6ntemi ve ko\u015fullar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 pek \u00e7ok tehlike i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n<p>Tehlike hammaddeden ba\u015flayarak t\u00fcketim an\u0131na kadar her a\u015famada ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-5\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-5\">G\u0131dalarda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131labilecek ba\u015fl\u0131ca tehlikeler nelerdir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-5\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>G\u0131dalarda ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u00fc\u00e7 tehlike ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131labilir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Fiziksel<\/li>\n<li>Kimyasal<\/li>\n<li>Biyolojik, mikrobiyolojik<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-6\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-6\">Fiziksel tehlikeler nedir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-6\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Fiziksel tehlikeler, g\u0131dalarda olmas\u0131n\u0131 istemedi\u011fimiz yabanc\u0131 maddelerdir. G\u0131da ile kimyasal bir etkile\u015fimleri olmaz. Bu nedenle do\u011fru g\u00fcvenlik sistemleri ile y\u00f6netilebilmeleri daha kolayd\u0131r denilebilir. Cam par\u00e7as\u0131, metal par\u00e7as\u0131,\u00a0 sa\u00e7, k\u0131l, ha\u015fere par\u00e7as\u0131 t\u00fcy, ta\u015f, toprak, vb, fiziksel tehlike olarak kabul edilir. \u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u00e7inde g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc maskelenmedi\u011fi s\u00fcrece g\u00f6zle g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-7\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-7\">Kimyasal tehlikeler nedir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-7\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Limit a\u015fan veya yasal olmayan pestisit ve veteriner ila\u00e7lar\u0131; tarladan sofraya kadar kat edilen yolda \u00e7evreden bula\u015fan kimyasallar, i\u015flem s\u0131ras\u0131nda bula\u015fan ve olu\u015fan kimyasallar ve k\u00fcf toksinleri (Kendileri mikroorganizma kaynakl\u0131 olsalar da), do\u011fal toksinler (Do\u011fa mantarlar\u0131n\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi) kimyasal tehlikelerdir. Web sayfam\u0131zda <a href=\"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/sikca-sorulan-sorular\/\">s\u0131k\u00e7a sorulan sorular<\/a> k\u0131sm\u0131nda her biri ile ilgili ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi yer almaktad\u0131r. Kimyasal tehlikeler ortamda hep bilindikleri halde kalabildikleri gibi, g\u0131dalarla etkile\u015fime girerek yeni bile\u015fenler olu\u015fturabilir veya metabolitlerine par\u00e7alanabilir. Y\u00f6netimleri olduk\u00e7a zor ve karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r. Bilgi, b\u00fct\u00fcnsel bak\u0131\u015f ve iyi kurulmu\u015f bir y\u00f6netim sistemi gerektirirler. Genelde g\u0131dan\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fc, tad\u0131 ve kokusundan anla\u015f\u0131lmazlar. Sa\u011fl\u0131k riski yarat\u0131rlar. <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/BmycMnrB9Ds\">T\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z<\/a><\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-8\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-8\">Kimyasal tehlikelerin sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00fczerine olumsuz etkileri nelerdir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-8\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00fczerindeki olumsuz etkileri tiplerine ve dozlar\u0131na g\u00f6re k\u0131sa zamanda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir ancak genelde maruziyete ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak uzun vadeli sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131na neden olurlar. Bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 olmayan hastal\u0131klara neden olurlar.<\/p>\n<p>Ani ve yo\u011fun maruziyette \u00f6l\u00fcme kadar giden zehirlenme belirtileri g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Uzun vadede ise karsinojenik (kanser yapan), teratojenik (anne karn\u0131ndaki bebe\u011fin b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve geli\u015fmesini aksatan), mutajenik (gen yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kal\u0131c\u0131 bi\u00e7imde bozan) gibi etkilere neden olabilirler. Bu etkiler y\u0131llar sonra g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr hale geldi\u011fi i\u00e7in genellikle kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da bilmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmaz.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-9\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-9\">Biyolojik ve mikrobiyolojik tehlikeler nelerdir? <span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-9\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Kemirgenler ile sinek b\u00f6cek vb. ha\u015fereler gibi canl\u0131lar <strong>biyolojik tehlikelerdir<\/strong>. G\u0131dalarda olmas\u0131 istenmeyen kimi zararl\u0131 mikroorganizmalar\u0131n g\u0131dalara ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131na arac\u0131 olduklar\u0131 gibi, \u00fcr\u00fcne kemirerek, \u0131s\u0131rarak zarar vererek o k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 bula\u015f\u0131lara a\u00e7\u0131k hale getirirler. M\u00fccadelesi bilin\u00e7li bir bi\u00e7imde yap\u0131lmazsa, \u00fcr\u00fcnde m\u00fccadelede kullan\u0131lan maddelerin de istenmeyen kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 bulunabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Bakteriler, vir\u00fcsler, k\u00fcfler, prionlar, parazitler <strong>mikrobiyolojik<\/strong> tehlikelerdir. Hatta g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde antimikrobiyel diren\u00e7 (AMD) de mikrobiyolojik riskler aras\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmeye ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0\u00a0G\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclmezler.\u00a0 B\u00f6l\u00fcnerek \u00e7o\u011fal\u0131rlar. Bu nedenle uygun ko\u015fullarda \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00fcrerler (Logaritmik olarak artarlar). Uygun ortamda mikrobik bozulmaya yol a\u00e7abilirler ve toksin \u00fcretebilirler. Sa\u011fl\u0131k a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan risklidirler. \u00a0\u0130nsanlarda hastal\u0131k yapan mikroorganizmalar\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k %60\u2019\u0131 hayvan k\u00f6kenlidir.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-10\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-10\">Mikroorganizmalar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00fczerine olumsuz etkileri nelerdir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-10\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Mikroorganizmalar gastrointestinal rahats\u0131zl\u0131klardan (kusma, bulant\u0131, ishal gibi), kanl\u0131 ishale ve hatta septisemiye ve \u00f6l\u00fcme varan bir tablo yaratabilirler. A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kla bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131klara neden olurlar. Ancak kendileri veya toksinleri kanserle ili\u015fkilendirilenleri de vard\u0131r. Kimi toksinler ise n\u00f6rotoksiktir. \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/SaJsjqrkhyc\">T\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-11\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-11\">G\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi riski nedir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-11\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>G\u0131dalar\u0131n g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi tehlikelerinden bir veya birka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Her bir g\u0131dan\u0131n riski farkl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin: Hayvansal \u00fcr\u00fcnler mikrobiyolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan risklidir, bal\u0131klar; \u00f6zellikle de a\u00e7\u0131k deniz bal\u0131klar\u0131 kimi metallerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan risklidir, sert kabuklu yemi\u015fler ve kimi kuru meyveler k\u00fcf toksinleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan risklidir. Bu risklerin bilinerek do\u011fru i\u015flemler uygulanmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-12\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-12\">Risk i\u00e7ermeyen g\u0131da var m\u0131d\u0131r? <span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-12\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Yoktur. G\u0131dalar ister evde ister sanayide \u00fcretilsinler, hi\u00e7bir i\u015fleme tabi tutulmas\u0131nlar veya organik olsunlar, her birinin riski vard\u0131r. \u00d6nemli olan riski do\u011fru de\u011ferlendirerek, kurallar geli\u015ftirerek y\u00f6netebilmektir. G\u0131dalar\u0131n pi\u015firilmesi de ger\u00e7ekte riski y\u00f6netmenin bir yoludur. Ancak pi\u015firirken yanmalara neden olunursa, mangalda pi\u015firmede alevle temasa yol a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131rsa vb, bu kez ba\u015fka riskler yarat\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-13\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-13\">T\u00fcketiciler riskli g\u0131dalardan nas\u0131l uzak durabilirler? <span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-13\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>T\u00fcketicilerin her \u015feyden \u00f6nce kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u0131dalardan uzak durmalar\u0131 ve ambalajl\u0131, etiketli, kay\u0131tl\u0131\/onayl\u0131 i\u015fletmelerde \u00fcretilen ve izlenebilirli\u011fi olan g\u0131dalar\u0131 sat\u0131n almalar\u0131 gerekir. \u201cDo\u011fal \u00fcr\u00fcn\u201d, \u201cK\u00f6y \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc\u201d diye kap\u0131lara gelen g\u0131dalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu kay\u0131t d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve izlenebilirli\u011fi olmayan g\u0131dalard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Kay\u0131tl\u0131\/onayl\u0131 i\u015fletmelerin \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini sat\u0131n almak temel bir ad\u0131md\u0131r. Sat\u0131n alma i\u015fleminden sonra g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve hijyen kurallar\u0131na uyulmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131rsa g\u0131da risklerinden uzak durulmu\u015f olacakt\u0131r. Derne\u011fimiz web sayfas\u0131nda gerek \u015fu an okumakta oldu\u011funuz s\u0131k sorulan sorular k\u0131sm\u0131nda, gerekse yay\u0131nlar\u0131m\u0131zda t\u00fcketicilere g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve hijyen bilgileri sunulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-14\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-14\">Hangi g\u0131dalar mikrobiyolojik olarak hangi daha risklidir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-14\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Hayvansal g\u0131dalar olan et, s\u00fct, yumurta ve bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k \u00fcr\u00fcnleri en riskli g\u0131da grubudur. En az riskli olan grup ise bisk\u00fcvi, \u015feker, makarna, un gibi kuru g\u0131dalard\u0131r. Bunlar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck riskli\/risksiz g\u0131da gruplar\u0131 olarak da tan\u0131mlanabilir.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-15\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-15\">Mikroorganizmalar\u0131n g\u0131dalara ba\u015fl\u0131ca bula\u015fma kaynaklar\u0131 nedir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-15\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Mikroorganizmalar\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca bula\u015fma kaynaklar\u0131;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Su<\/li>\n<li>Toprak<\/li>\n<li>Hava<\/li>\n<li>Hayvan<\/li>\n<li>Bitki<\/li>\n<li>\u0130nsan<\/li>\n<li>Temas y\u00fczeyleri<\/li>\n<li>G\u0131da bile\u015fenleridir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-16\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-16\">Mikroorganizmalar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc zararl\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r? <span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-16\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Hay\u0131r. V\u00fccudumuzda bizimle birlikte ya\u015fayan ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 halimizin s\u00fcrmesinde etkisi olan pek \u00e7ok mikroorganizma vard\u0131r. \u0130nsanlardaki yayg\u0131n kan\u0131n\u0131n aksine bir\u00e7ok mikroorganizma faydal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Mikroorganizmalar bulundu\u011fu yere ve ko\u015fula g\u00f6re faydal\u0131 olabilir, zararl\u0131 olabilir veya fayda veya zarar\u0131 olmayabilir. Bir hayvanda hastal\u0131k yapmayan mikroorganizma, insanda \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl olabilir. V\u00fccudumuzda ba\u011f\u0131rsak sisteminde do\u011fal olarak bulunan ve sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunu yaratmayan bir mikroorganizma g\u0131dalar yoluyla al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ciddi zehirlenme yaratabilir. Belirli k\u00fcf toksinleri insanlarda kanserojen olabilirken, yine k\u00fcf kaynakl\u0131 bir madde olan penisilin \u00e7ok etkin bir antibiyotik olarak hayat kurtarmaktad\u0131r. Probiyotik bakteriler, insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan son derece yararl\u0131 olduklar\u0131ndan g\u0131dalarda bulunmalar\u0131 istenmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Fermente \u00fcr\u00fcn yap\u0131m\u0131nda (ekmek, yo\u011furt, tur\u015fu vb) mikroorganizmalardan yararlan\u0131l\u0131r. G\u0131da sanayiinde kullan\u0131lan enzimlerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 mikrobiyel kaynakl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>G\u0131da bilimi ile u\u011fra\u015fanlar her bir mikroorganizman\u0131n \u00f6zelli\u011fini ve kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilerek kimi zaman onlardan yararlan\u0131rlar (fermantasyon i\u015flemi gibi) veya hijyenik \u00f6nlemlerle bula\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlerler (g\u0131dalar\u0131n temas edece\u011fi y\u00fczeylerin etkin bi\u00e7imde temizlenmesi gibi) veya onlar\u0131 zarars\u0131z hale getirirler (past\u00f6rizasyon, sterilizasyon, pi\u015firme, \u0131\u015f\u0131nlama vb) veya onlar\u0131 g\u0131dalar i\u015flenene kadar etkisiz hale getirirler (dondurma i\u015flemi veya vakumlama i\u015flemi gibi).<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-17\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-17\">Zoonoz nedir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-17\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Zoonozlar hayvanlardan insanlara bula\u015fan hastal\u0131k etmeni mikroorganizmalard\u0131r.\u00a0 \u00d6zellikle hayvansal g\u0131dalar zoonozlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan risklidirler. \u00c7i\u011f s\u00fct veya yeterli \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem g\u00f6rmemi\u015f s\u00fct arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile insanlarda hastal\u0131k yapan Brusella bakterisi veya yine iyi pi\u015firilmemi\u015f tavuk ve yumurta \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ile bula\u015fan Salmonella bakterisi zoonozlara \u00f6rnek olarak verilebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Salmonella,\u00a0 ishal, ate\u015f, bulant\u0131 gibi belirtilerle seyreden enfeksiyona neden olurken; Brusella Malta Hummas\u0131 ya da Akdeniz Hummas\u0131 denilen bir hastal\u0131\u011fa neden olmaktad\u0131r. Deli dana hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 etmeni olan prionlar ve korona vir\u00fcsler de birer zoonozdur.<\/p>\n<p>Zoonoz riski a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; hayvan yeti\u015ftirmede, hayvanlarla temasta; hayvansal \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin sat\u0131n al\u0131nas\u0131ndan t\u00fcketimine kadar her a\u015famada bilin\u00e7li olmak son derece \u00f6nemlidir. Web sayfam\u0131zda ilgili ba\u015fl\u0131klar alt\u0131nda g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemi olarak nelere dikkat edilmesi gerekti\u011fi konusunda bilgilendirmeler mevcuttur. Zoonotik Patojenler ile ilgili detayl\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/6IMallCN_PE\">t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z<\/a>.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-18\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-18\">Deli dana hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-18\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><ul>\n<li>\u0130nsan ve hayvan h\u00fccrelerinde normalde bulunan Prion proteininin de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015f ve anormal bir formunun neden oldu\u011fu bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Anormal Prion insan g\u0131das\u0131 olarak t\u00fcketilmeyen koyun ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131r sakatatlar\u0131n\u0131n et-kemik unu yap\u0131larak s\u0131\u011f\u0131r yemlerine protein kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak kat\u0131lmas\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r<\/li>\n<li>Bu nedenle et-kemik unu gibi hayvan yemi katk\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n hayvan yemlerine kat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve hayvanlara verilmesi yasaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de bu hastal\u0131k g\u00f6zlendi\u011fine dair veri yoktur.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130nsandan insana bula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmemi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-19\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-19\">Tek Sa\u011fl\u0131k nedir? <span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-19\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Tek Sa\u011fl\u0131k; insanlar, hayvanlar, bitkiler ve bunlar\u0131n ortak \u00e7evreleri aras\u0131ndaki etkile\u015fimi ger\u00e7e\u011finden yola \u00e7\u0131karak optimal sa\u011fl\u0131k ko\u015fullar\u0131na ula\u015fmay\u0131 hedefleyen i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i, \u00e7ok sekt\u00f6rl\u00fc ve disiplinler aras\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Tek sa\u011fl\u0131k ger\u00e7ekte yeni bir konu olmamakla birlikte, son d\u00f6nemlerde \u00f6nemi daha yo\u011fun kavranarak, g\u00fcndemde daha fazla yer almaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130nsan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgilenen meslek gruplar\u0131, hayvan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgilenen meslek gruplar\u0131, g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ile ilgilenen meslek gruplar\u0131 ile \u00e7evre ile ilgili meslek gruplar\u0131 ve di\u011fer meslek gruplar\u0131n\u0131n ileti\u015fim, i\u015fbirli\u011fi ve koordinasyon i\u00e7inde olmalar\u0131 hedeflenmektedir.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-20\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-20\">Probiyotik mikroorganizma nedir? <span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-20\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Probiyotik mikroorganizmalar insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na olumlu etkisi olan canl\u0131 mikroorganizmalard\u0131r. A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kla bakterilerdir. Fermente \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u00e7inde bulunduklar\u0131 gibi (yo\u011furt, kefir vb), g\u0131da takviyesi olarak da t\u00fcketilmektedirler.<\/p>\n<p>Ba\u011f\u0131rsak floras\u0131n\u0131n dengelenmesinde olumlu etkisi olan ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini destekleyen mikroorganizmalard\u0131r.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-21\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-21\">G\u0131dalarda zararl\u0131 mikroorganizmalar\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011funu nas\u0131l anlar\u0131z?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-21\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>G\u0131dalar g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr bi\u00e7imde bozulmad\u0131k\u00e7a, b\u00fcnyelerindeki mikroorganizmalar ile ilgili fikir edinemeyiz. Oysa i\u00e7inde \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl bir mikroorganizma veya toksin bar\u0131nd\u0131rabildi\u011fi halde g\u0131dan\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde, tad\u0131nda, yani duyusal \u00f6zelliklerinde hi\u00e7bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik olmayabilir. \u00a0Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa zararl\u0131 mikroorganizmalar\u0131n veya toksinlerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 net olarak analizle anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-22\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-22\">G\u0131dalar yoluyla mikrobiyolojik risklere maruz kalmaktan nas\u0131l korunabiliriz? <span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-22\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Bu sorunun belki bir tek cevab\u0131 hijyen kurallar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru bi\u00e7imde uygulamak olacakt\u0131r.\u00a0 Hijyen; sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6nlem ve ko\u015fullar olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r. G\u0131dada tehlikenin kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve g\u0131dalar\u0131n kullan\u0131m amac\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak, insan t\u00fcketimine uygunlu\u011funun sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli t\u00fcm \u00f6nlem ve ko\u015fullar da g\u0131da hijyeni olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Mikroorganizmalar\u0131n g\u0131dalara sudan, topraktan, havadan, hayvanlardan, bitkilerden, insanlardan, temas y\u00fczeylerinden ve g\u0131da bile\u015fenlerinden bula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u0131dalar\u0131 mikrobiyolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan g\u00fcvenli tutmakta en temel i\u015flemin do\u011fru \u0131s\u0131l i\u015flem (pi\u015firme, past\u00f6rizasyon, sterilizasyon) ve do\u011fru s\u0131cakl\u0131kta tutmak (so\u011fuk, donuk vb) oldu\u011funu biliyoruz. Bu bak\u0131\u015fla D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcnce belirlenen g\u00fcvenli g\u0131da i\u00e7in 5 anahtar kural son derece \u00f6nemli ve etkin kurallard\u0131r.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-23\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-23\">D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi i\u00e7in 5 anahtar kural\u0131 nedir? <span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-23\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><ul>\n<li>Temizlik<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Kirin, topra\u011f\u0131n, g\u0131da kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n, ya\u011f\u0131n ve di\u011fer istenmeyen maddelerin g\u0131dadan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\/uzak tutulmas\u0131 i\u015flemidir.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00fcvenli g\u0131da t\u00fcketimi kurallar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda temizlik gelmektedir. G\u0131dalar\u0131n \u00fcretildi\u011fi, temas etti\u011fi, depoland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerlerin temiz olmas\u0131. Ki\u015fisel temizlik ve hijyen kurallar\u0131na uyulmas\u0131. \u00d6zellikle g\u0131dalarla u\u011fra\u015fmadan \u00f6nce ve sonra, tuvaletten sonra olmak \u00fczere ellerin s\u0131kl\u0131kla y\u0131kanmas\u0131 vb.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00c7i\u011f g\u0131dalar\u0131 di\u011fer g\u0131dalardan ayr\u0131 tutmak<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Her bir \u00e7i\u011f g\u0131dan\u0131n i\u00e7erdi\u011fi farkl\u0131 mikrobiyolojik riskler vard\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle de hayvansal ve hayvansal olmayanlar\u0131n riskleri olduk\u00e7a farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle \u00e7apraz bula\u015f\u0131ya neden olmamak i\u00e7in \u00e7i\u011f ve t\u00fcketime haz\u0131r g\u0131dalar\u0131 ve hayvansal olanlarla olmayanlar\u0131 buzdolab\u0131n\u0131n ayr\u0131 raflar\u0131nda tutmak; ayr\u0131 kesme tahtalar\u0131 ile do\u011framak vb \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130yi pi\u015firmek<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>G\u0131dalar mutlaka merkez s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 72 <sup>0<\/sup>C\u2019\u0131 bulacak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde pi\u015firilmelidir. Izgara veya k\u0131zartma yap\u0131l\u0131rken; pi\u015firilen g\u0131dan\u0131n merkezinin de iyi pi\u015fmesine \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilmelidir.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>G\u00fcvenli s\u0131cakl\u0131kta tutmak<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Web sayfam\u0131zda <a href=\"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/sikca-sorulan-sorular\/\">s\u0131k\u00e7a sorulan sorular<\/a> k\u0131sm\u0131nda g\u00fcvenli ve riskli s\u0131cakl\u0131k aral\u0131klar\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Bu s\u0131cakl\u0131k aral\u0131klar\u0131ndan m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca uzak durmak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0130\u00e7ilebilir nitelikte su ve g\u00fcvenli hammadde kullanmak<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-24\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-24\">Covid 19 g\u0131dalarla bula\u015f\u0131r m\u0131?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-24\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Hay\u0131r. Mevcut veriler, g\u0131dalar\u0131n veya g\u0131da ambalajlar\u0131n\u0131n SARS-CoV-2 de d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere, solunum yolu hastal\u0131klar\u0131na neden olan vir\u00fcslerin yay\u0131lmas\u0131nda bir etken olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle, SARS-CoV-2 do\u011frudan bir g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sorunu de\u011fildir. \u015eu ana kadar vir\u00fcs\u00fcn sadece solunum yolu ile bula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, sindirim yoluyla bula\u015fmaya neden olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Vir\u00fcsler, hayatta kalabilmek i\u00e7in bir canl\u0131 organizmaya ihtiya\u00e7 duyarlar. Ancak, yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar Covid 19 etmeni olan SARS-CoV-2 vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn, y\u00fczeylerde birka\u00e7 g\u00fcne kadar aktif kalabildi\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir olas\u0131l\u0131kla da olsa; bu t\u00fcr bir y\u00fczeyle temas ve devam\u0131nda ellerin a\u011f\u0131z burun yak\u0131n\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmesiyle, vir\u00fcs\u00fcn solunum sistemiyle al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in hijyen kurallar\u0131na harfiyen uymak gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-25\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-25\">G\u0131dalarda mikroorganizmalar\u0131n \u00fcremesi i\u00e7in uygun ko\u015fullar nelerdir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-25\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Mikroorganizmalar\u0131n tiplerine g\u00f6re tercih ettikleri ko\u015fullar, canl\u0131 olarak kalabildikleri ve \u00fcreyebildikleri ko\u015fullar farkl\u0131 farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak g\u0131dalarda yayg\u0131n olarak bilinen mikrobiyel sorunlar dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ko\u015fullar dikkatlere sunulabilmektedir.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mikroorganizman\u0131n \u00fcremesi i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle ortamda beslenebilecekleri maddelere ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u00a0Bu nedenle insanlar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan zengin besin \u00f6gelerine sahip olan g\u0131dalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, mikroorganizmalar\u0131n \u00fcremesi i\u00e7in de cazip ortamlar olu\u015ftururlar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Mikroorganizmalar\u0131n \u00a0\u00fcremeleri i\u00e7in belirli bir s\u0131cakl\u0131k aral\u0131\u011f\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131r. 4 ile -18 derece aras\u0131ndaki s\u0131cakl\u0131klar, mikroorganizmalar\u0131n kolay \u00fcreyemedikleri \u00a0ya da \u00e7ok yava\u015f \u00fcredikleri g\u00fcvenli ko\u015fullar olarak kabul edilir. Buzdolab\u0131 ve dondurucu s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131 bu aral\u0131ktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Mikroorganizmalar\u0131n \u00fcremesi i\u00e7in en uygun s\u0131cakl\u0131k 5 ile 60 derece aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu s\u0131cakl\u0131k aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cTehlikeli S\u0131cakl\u0131k Aral\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda mikroorganizmalar h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fal\u0131r. Pi\u015firmede ise 72 dereceye kadar \u0131s\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman mikroorganizmalar zarar vermeyecek hale getirilirler. So\u011futulmu\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde mikroorganizmalar varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir ancak belirlenen raf \u00f6mr\u00fc s\u00fcresince risk yaratmayacak d\u00fczeydedirler. Fakat normal oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda h\u0131zla \u00fcrerler.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mikroorganizmalar\u0131n \u00fcremek i\u00e7in neme ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r. Su i\u00e7eri\u011fi y\u00fcksek g\u0131dalar daha risklidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc mikroorganizmalar su olmadan ya\u015fayamaz. O y\u00fczden et, s\u00fct ve deniz \u00fcr\u00fcnleri en riskli \u00fcr\u00fcn gruplar\u0131d\u0131r. Ortamda tuz, \u015feker gibi suyu ba\u011flayan bile\u015fenler oldu\u011funda; mikroorganizmalar ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131 serbest suya ula\u015famad\u0131klar\u0131ndan kolay \u00fcreyemezler. O nedenle kurutulmu\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnler, re\u00e7el ve tur\u015fu gibi \u00fcr\u00fcnler daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131 g\u0131dalard\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Mikroorganizmalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131 i\u00e7in zamana da ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131r. O nedenle pi\u015firme sonras\u0131nda g\u0131dalar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca h\u0131zl\u0131 so\u011futarak (en fazla 2 saat i\u00e7inde) \u00a0buzdolab\u0131na almal\u0131 ve sadece t\u00fcketirken, t\u00fcketece\u011fimiz miktar\u0131 \u0131s\u0131tarak oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bulundurmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-26\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-26\">Hangi g\u0131dalar mikrobiyolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan risklidir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-26\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><ul>\n<li>S\u00fct ve s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri<\/li>\n<li>Deniz \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ve bunlardan \u00fcretilen \u00fcr\u00fcnler<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7i\u011f t\u00fcketilen meyve ve sebzeler. \u00d6zellikle haz\u0131r salatalar vb.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7i\u011f yumurta i\u00e7eren g\u0131dalar<\/li>\n<li>Yukar\u0131daki \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7eren sandvi\u00e7, salata gibi \u00fcr\u00fcnler.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-27\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-27\">Mutfakta hijyenik ortam nas\u0131l sa\u011flan\u0131r?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-27\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><ul>\n<li>G\u00fcvenli g\u0131da haz\u0131rlaman\u0131n alt\u0131n kural\u0131 temizliktir. Yemek haz\u0131rlamaya ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce ve \u00e7i\u011f et ya da tavuk \u00fcr\u00fcnlerine dokunduktan sonra eller y\u0131kanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7i\u011f etlerin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan b\u0131\u00e7aklar da di\u011fer g\u0131dalara bula\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6nlenebilmesi i\u00e7in temizlenip, kaynar su i\u00e7inde bekletilerek dezenfekte edilmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>Mutfakta \u00e7ok say\u0131da temiz kap bulundurulmal\u0131, g\u0131dalar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ko\u015fullarda haz\u0131rlanabilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7i\u011f ve pi\u015fmi\u015f et, tavuk \u00fcr\u00fcnleri i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 kaplar kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Aksi takdirde \u00e7i\u011f et ve tavuk \u00fcr\u00fcnleri ile bu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin suyunda bulunabilecek zararl\u0131 bakteriler, pi\u015fmi\u015f g\u0131dalara bula\u015fabilir.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7i\u011f et ve tavuk suyundan bula\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi i\u00e7in tezg\u00e2h ve lavabolar s\u0131cak deterjanl\u0131 suyla y\u0131kanmal\u0131 temiz suyla durulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7i\u011f et ya da tavuk \u00fcr\u00fcnlerini paketlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan k\u00f6p\u00fck bazl\u0131 kaplar, yumurta kutular\u0131 ya da plastik kaplar da bula\u015fmaya neden olabilece\u011fi i\u00e7in ba\u015fka g\u0131da maddelerini saklamak i\u00e7in tekrar kullan\u0131lmamal\u0131, at\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7i\u011f et \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin pi\u015firilmeden \u00f6nce bakterilerden ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lmak amac\u0131yla y\u0131kanmas\u0131na gerek yoktur. Bu g\u0131dalarda bakteriler en az 72\u00baC derecede pi\u015firilerek zarars\u0131z hale getirilebilirler.<\/li>\n<li>Farkl\u0131 yiyecek maddelerini kesmek i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 temiz b\u0131\u00e7aklar kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7i\u011f et i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ya da temiz olmayan bir kap pi\u015fmi\u015f et i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>M\u00fcmk\u00fcnse taze t\u00fcketilen g\u0131dalar i\u00e7in ayr\u0131, \u00e7i\u011f et, tavuk, bal\u0131k i\u00e7in ayr\u0131, yenmeye haz\u0131r g\u0131dalar (ekmek gibi) i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 bir kesme tahtas\u0131 kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu yolla salata gibi pi\u015fmeyen g\u0131da maddelerine, \u00e7i\u011f etlerden bakteri bula\u015fmas\u0131 \u00f6nlenmi\u015f olur.<\/li>\n<li>Elde yara, kesik varsa yara band\u0131 ile kapat\u0131lmal\u0131 ve yemeklerin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda eldiven kullan\u0131m\u0131 tercih edilmelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-28\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-28\">G\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan g\u00fcvenli s\u0131cakl\u0131k dereceleri nedir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-28\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>G\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in mikrobiyel a\u00e7\u0131dan tehlike b\u00f6lgesi genel olarak 5 ile 60\u00b0C aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fir. Bu s\u0131cakl\u0131k aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u0131da kaynakl\u0131 hastal\u0131k ve zehirlenme etkeni bakterilerin \u00e7o\u011falabilece\u011fi derecelerdir. \u00d6zellikle 35-37\u00b0C dereceler bu mikroorganizmalar\u0131n geli\u015fmeleri i\u00e7in ideal s\u0131cakl\u0131klard\u0131r. S\u0131cak servis edilmesi gereken \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin 60\u00b0C \u00fczerinde olmas\u0131na \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilmelidir.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-29\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-29\">So\u011fukta muhafaza edilmesi gereken t\u00fcketime haz\u0131r g\u0131dalar ne kadar s\u00fcre buzdolab\u0131n\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131labilirler?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-29\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>S\u0131cak yemekler pi\u015firildikten sonra 2 saat i\u00e7inde \u00f6n so\u011futmay\u0131 takiben buzdolab\u0131na konulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>S\u0131cak servis yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken yiyecekler pi\u015firmeyi takiben veya yeniden \u0131s\u0131t\u0131l\u0131rken en az 72\u00b0C\u2019ye kadar \u0131s\u0131t\u0131larak servis edilmelidir.<\/p>\n<p>So\u011fuk t\u00fcketilecek olan g\u0131dalar servis yap\u0131lana kadar buzdolab\u0131nda tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcketim s\u0131ras\u0131nda herhangi bir yiyecek en fazla 2 saat oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-30\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-30\">G\u0131dalar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6nler veya tedavi ederler mi?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-30\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Dengeli bir beslenme d\u00fczeni i\u00e7erisinde t\u00fcketilen g\u0131dalar sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olma durumumuzu destekleyen; v\u00fccut direncimizin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olmas\u0131na katk\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerdir. Ancak g\u0131dalar ila\u00e7 de\u011fildir.<strong>\u00a0 <\/strong>Bir hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nlemede tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir g\u0131dan\u0131n etken olmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. G\u0131dalar hastal\u0131klar\u0131 tedavi etmezler. Bir ki\u015finin bir hastal\u0131\u011fa yakalanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u00e7ok say\u0131da etken vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7\u00f6lyak hastalar\u0131na uygulanan glutensiz diyetler veya diyabet hastalar\u0131na uygulanan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u015fekerli diyetler tedavi edici de\u011fil; hastal\u0131k s\u00fcrecini y\u00f6netmeye katk\u0131 verici uygulamalard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Mucize \u00fcr\u00fcnler gibi pazarlanan g\u0131dalar t\u00fcketicileri yan\u0131ltmakta; en basit ifadesi ile bir sa\u011fl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131ya ba\u015fvurmaktan,\u00a0 dengeli beslenmekten al\u0131koymaktad\u0131r. Kimi zaman t\u00fcketicilerin ila\u00e7 niyetine t\u00fckettikleri g\u0131dalar, g\u00f6rmekte olduklar\u0131 tedaviyi olumsuz etkilemektedir.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-31\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-31\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f g\u0131dalar\u0131n tekrar dondurulmas\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-31\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>G\u0131dalar \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u00fckten sonra tekrar dondurulmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Her bir \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fcrme, yeniden dondurma ve \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fcrme mikrobiyel riskleri \u00f6nemli miktarda artt\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-32\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-32\">Dondurma i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda ek bir koruyucu kullan\u0131l\u0131yor mu?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-32\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Hay\u0131r kullan\u0131lmaz. Dondurma i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u0131da maddelerindeki her t\u00fcr mikroorganizma geli\u015fimi durmakta veya minimum d\u00fczeylerde seyretmektedir. O nedenle ayr\u0131ca ek bir koruyucu madde gerek kalmaz.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-33\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-33\">Dondurulmu\u015f g\u0131dalar g\u00fcvenli midir? Raf \u00f6m\u00fcrleri nas\u0131l bu kadar uzun olur?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-33\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Evet, kurallar\u0131na uyularak dondurulan ve muhafaza edilen g\u0131dalar g\u00fcvenlidir. Dondurulmu\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin g\u00fcvenli olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 dondurulmalar\u0131 ve mikroorganizmalar\u0131n pek \u00e7o\u011funun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda faaliyet g\u00f6sterememesidir. B\u00f6ylelikle mikroorganizmalar\u0131n faaliyeti durdurulur. Bu s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda enzimatik ve kimyasal reaksiyonlar da \u00e7ok yava\u015flar. Son kullan\u0131m tarihine kadar so\u011fuk zincirin k\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 halinde \u00fcr\u00fcnler sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde t\u00fcketilebilir. Piyasada sat\u0131lan donmu\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnler ileri ve g\u00fcvenli teknoloji ile dondurularak ambalajland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan; evde yap\u0131landan daha kaliteli ve uzun s\u00fcre dayan\u0131kl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnler \u00fcretilebilmektedir.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-34\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-34\">So\u011fuk zincir nedir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-34\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>So\u011fuk veya donuk muhafaza edilmesi gereken g\u0131dalar\u0131n \u00fcretiminden son t\u00fcketiciye ula\u015fana kadar uyulmas\u0131 gereken s\u0131cakl\u0131k derecelerinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u015flemidir.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-35\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-35\">So\u011fuk zincirin k\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ne demektir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-35\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>\u00dcr\u00fcn, \u00fcretimden t\u00fcketiciye ula\u015fana kadarki herhangi bir a\u015famada g\u00fcvenli\u011fi i\u00e7in gerekli s\u0131cakl\u0131k ko\u015fullar\u0131na uygun olmayan bir ortamda bulunursa so\u011fuk zincir k\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur. K\u0131sa s\u00fcreli gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcnde dahi, so\u011fuk zincir sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gereken durumda ya\u015fanan s\u0131cakl\u0131k dalgalanmalar\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn g\u00fcvenli\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli riskler bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-36\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-36\">So\u011fuk zincir k\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rsa ne olur?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-36\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><ul>\n<li>Mikroorganizmalar \u00fcr\u00fcnde h\u0131zla \u00fcremeye ba\u015flar. Hatta insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit edecek seviyelere ula\u015fabilir.<\/li>\n<li>\u00dcr\u00fcnde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli kalite kusurlar\u0131na neden olabilir.<\/li>\n<li>\u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn raf \u00f6mr\u00fc k\u0131salabilir veya \u00fcr\u00fcn t\u00fcketilemez hale gelebilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-37\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-37\">Dondurulmu\u015f et, tavuk ve bal\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcrken nelere dikkat edilmelidir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-37\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><ul>\n<li>Et, tavuk ve bal\u0131k \u00fcr\u00fcnleri tezg\u00e2h \u00fczerinde ya da oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda de\u011fil mutlaka buzdolab\u0131nda, so\u011fuk suda veya mikrodalgada \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fcr\u00fclmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>Dondurucudan t\u00fcketilecek kadar g\u0131da \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fcr\u00fclmelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-38\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-38\">Dondurulmu\u015f g\u0131dalar \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u00fcrmeden pi\u015firilebilir mi?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-38\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Dondurulmu\u015f g\u0131dalar \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u00fcrmeden de pi\u015firilebilir, bu durumda pi\u015firme s\u00fcresi uzayabilir. Piyasada haz\u0131r dondurulmu\u015f olarak sat\u0131lan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fcr\u00fclmeden pi\u015firilmesi tavsiye edilmektedir.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-39\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-39\">Donmu\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin sat\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131nda nelere dikkat edilmeli?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-39\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><ul>\n<li>Al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fte en son donmu\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnler al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r ve en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f i\u015flemi tamamlanarak sat\u0131n al\u0131nan g\u0131dalar hemen t\u00fcketilmeyecekse eve ula\u015f\u0131r, ula\u015fmaz dondurucuya konulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Ta\u015f\u0131nacak mesafe uzunsa, ta\u015f\u0131ma s\u0131ras\u0131nda buz kab\u0131 ya da donuk \u00fcr\u00fcn torbalar\u0131yla ta\u015f\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Arabada ta\u015f\u0131n\u0131rken en serin k\u0131s\u0131mda tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>\u00dcr\u00fcn eve gidene kadar \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015fse, tekrar dondurmadan t\u00fcketilmelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-40\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-40\">Elektrik kesintisi olacaksa ne yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-40\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><ul>\n<li>Genel olarak 4 saatten daha uzun olmayan elektrik kesintilerinde g\u0131da maddeleri g\u00fcvenli kal\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde buzdolab\u0131n\u0131n kapa\u011f\u0131 gerekmedik\u00e7e a\u00e7\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Yetkili kurumlarca uzun s\u00fcreli elektrik kesintilerinin yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 duyuruldu\u011funda, t\u00fcketici g\u0131dalar\u0131n\u0131 muhafaza ettikleri buzdolab\u0131 ya da derin dondurucular\u0131n\u0131 kesinti \u00f6ncesinde en so\u011fuk d\u00fczeye ayarlamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Birka\u00e7 g\u00fcn elektrik kesintisi olmas\u0131 durumunda derin dondurucu i\u00e7ine kuru buz ya da blok buz konulmal\u0131 ve et, s\u00fct, tavuk \u00fcr\u00fcnleri yerle\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>Tamamen dolu derin dondurucu donma s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 2 g\u00fcn, yar\u0131 dolu derin dondurucu ise 1 g\u00fcn boyunca kalabilir. Bu nedenle, derin dondurucu dolu de\u011filse paketler birbirini koruyacak, adeta bir iglo olu\u015fturacak \u015fekilde dizilmeli, eridikleri zaman birbirine sular\u0131 akmayacak \u015fekilde s\u0131rt s\u0131rta, ya da bir tepsiye yerle\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f g\u0131dalar uygun \u015fekilde pi\u015firilerek hemen t\u00fcketilmeli, bozunma \u015f\u00fcphesi oldu\u011funda at\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Hemen pi\u015firilemeyen \u00fcr\u00fcnler daha sonra t\u00fcketilmemelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<section class=\"av_toggle_section\"  itemscope=\"itemscope\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/BlogPosting\" itemprop=\"blogPost\"  >    <div role=\"tablist\" class=\"single_toggle\" data-tags=\"{All} \"  >        <p data-fake-id=\"#toggle-id-41\" class=\"toggler \"  itemprop=\"headline\"   data-hoverstyle='color: #000000; ' role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"toggle-id-41\">Mikrodalga f\u0131r\u0131nda dondurulmu\u015f g\u0131da \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fcrmek riskli midir? Nelere dikkat edilmelidir?<span class=\"toggle_icon\" >        <span class=\"vert_icon\"><\/span><span class=\"hor_icon\"><\/span><\/span><\/p>        <div id=\"toggle-id-41\" class=\"toggle_wrap \"   >            <div class=\"toggle_content invers-color \"  itemprop=\"text\"   ><p>Riskli de\u011fildir. Ancak \u00fcr\u00fcn muhtemel heterojen \u0131s\u0131nmalar ve hatta yanmalara kar\u015f\u0131 dikkatle takip edilmelidir. \u00c7\u00f6zd\u00fcrme s\u0131ras\u0131nda kimi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde s\u0131cakl\u0131k olduk\u00e7a y\u00fckseldi\u011fi i\u00e7in, \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fcr\u00fclen \u00fcr\u00fcn g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi riski yaratmadan hemen kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n            <\/div>        <\/div>    <\/div><\/section>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1862,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[21],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1861"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1861"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1861\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3935,"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1861\/revisions\/3935"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1862"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1861"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1861"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1861"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}