{"id":1188,"date":"2010-06-08T16:07:24","date_gmt":"2010-06-08T13:07:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/?p=1188"},"modified":"2021-07-19T11:37:16","modified_gmt":"2021-07-19T08:37:16","slug":"gida-guvenliginde-yeni-bir-yonetim-sistemi-fssc-22000","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ggd.org.tr\/en\/gida-guvenliginde-yeni-bir-yonetim-sistemi-fssc-22000\/","title":{"rendered":"A New Management System in Food Safety: FSSC 22000"},"content":{"rendered":"

H\u00fcray Zor Arabac\u0131, G\u0131da M\u00fchendisi<\/em><\/p>\n

ISACert Belgelendirme T\u00fcrkiye Operasyon M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc<\/em><\/p>\n

Abstract<\/p>\n

FSSC 22000 contains a complete certification scheme for Food Safety Systems based on the food safety management standard ISO 22000: 2005 \u2018Requirements for any organization in the food chain’ and the publicly available specification for Prerequisite programs on food safety for food manufacturing, BSI PAS 220: 2008. The scheme is using existing standards for certification (ISO 22000, PAS 220\/22002-1 and ISO 22003) and the certification will be accredited under the standard ISO guide 17021. Manufacturers that are already certified against ISO 22000 will only need an additional review against BSI PAS 220 to meet this certification scheme.<\/p>\n

It is developed for the certification of food safety systems of food manufacturers that process or manufacture animal products (not including slaughtering and pre-slaughtering), perishable vegetal products, products with a long shelf life and (other) food ingredients like additives, vitamins and bio-cultures.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zet<\/p>\n

G\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konusu g\u0131da ticareti i\u00e7erisinde tarladan \u00e7atala konuyla ilgili taraflar aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemi gittik\u00e7e artan k\u00fcresel bir konu haline gelmi\u015ftir. Tarlada ba\u015flayan ve zirai \u00fcretim, proses, ambalaj, lojistik gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli alanlarla yak\u0131ndan ilgili olan g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi konular\u0131nda hem taraflar aras\u0131ndaki, hem de \u00fclkeler aras\u0131ndaki g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi bazl\u0131 ili\u015fkilerin d\u00fczenlenmesinde ise bir ortak lisana olan ihtiya\u00e7 net ve a\u015fikard\u0131r. FSSC 22000 standart\u0131 (Food Safety System Certification 22000-G\u0131da G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Sistem Sertifikasyonu 22000) bu ihtiyaca y\u00f6nelik olarak geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve HACCP prensiplerini baz alan bir standartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zellikle “g\u0131da \u00fcreticilerini” hedefleyen FSSC 22000, var olan ISO 22000 G\u0131da G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Y\u00f6netim Sistemi ve PAS 220- \u00d6n Gereksinim Programlar\u0131 standartlar\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131 \u00fczerine kurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. FSSC 22000 belgelendirmesi \u00fclkemizde son zamanlarda ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 g\u0131da \u00fcreticilerinin ve perakendecilerin talepleri do\u011frultusunda g\u00fcndeme gelmektedir. FSSC 22000 nas\u0131l ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r? Uluslararas\u0131 g\u0131da ticaretinde sekt\u00f6rel b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc sa\u011flayan en \u00f6nemli kurulu\u015flardan biri olan ve bir\u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck perakende, \u00fcretim, belgelendirme kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015ftirakiyle olu\u015fmu\u015f GFSI (Global Food Safety Initiave-K\u00fcresel G\u0131da G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Hareketi) g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi uygulamalar\u0131 ve standartlar\u0131n\u0131n tek bir \u00e7at\u0131 alt\u0131nda kabul edilebilirli\u011fini sa\u011flamak ve ortak bir dil olu\u015fturmak amac\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fcten \u00f6nemli bir organizasyondur. \u015eu ana kadar kabul etti\u011fi standartlar aras\u0131nda IFS G\u0131da, BRC G\u0131da, Global GAP, SQF, vb bulunmaktayd\u0131. Ancakbir ISO standart\u0131 olan ISO 22000 G\u0131da G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Y\u00f6netim sistemleri standard\u0131 di\u011fer \u00f6zel standartlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6n gereksinim programlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda di\u011ferleri kadar detayl\u0131 gereklilikler i\u00e7ermedi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmekteydi. Bu standard\u0131n di\u011fer \u00f6zel standartlara yakla\u015fmas\u0131 ve kabul edilebilirli\u011fi i\u00e7in ise \u00f6n gereksinimlerin detayland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ek bir k\u0131lavuzla beraber denetlenmesi ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymu\u015ftur. Haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 \u00f6nceden planlanan bu k\u0131lavuz CIAA ve Avrupa’daki b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u0131da \u00fcreticilerinin bir ara gelmesiyle olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur. Avrupa G\u0131da ve \u0130\u00e7ecek End\u00fcstrisi Konfederasyonu (Confederation of the Food and Drink Industry of the EU-CIAA) m\u00fc\u015fteri gerekliliklerini sa\u011flayan ve \u00f6zellikle g\u0131da \u00fcretimindeki \u00f6n gereksinim programlar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen teknik bir spesifikasyon geli\u015ftirilmesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu uygulamalar g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sisteminde \u00f6nemli bir rol almakta ve g\u0131da ticaretinde bir g\u00fcven yaratmaktad\u0131r. \u0130ngiliz Standart Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc(The British Standard Institution-BSI) bu gereklilikleri Kamuya A\u00e7\u0131k Spesifikasyon(Publicly Available Spesification-PAS)220 olarak 25 Ekim 2008 tarihinde yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu spesifikasyonun yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131yla beraber, ISO 17021 akreditasyonu alt\u0131nda, belgelendirme s\u00fcrecinin olu\u015fturma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 tekrar CIAA’n\u0131n \u00f6nderli\u011finde olu\u015fturulan G\u0131da G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Belgelendirme Kurumu(Foundation for Food Safety Certification) taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. FSSC 22000 i\u00e7eri\u011fi ve kurallar\u0131 May\u0131s 2009 tamamlanm\u0131\u015f ve 23 \u015eubat 2010 tarihi itibariyle de GFSI taraf\u0131ndan tam tan\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

FSSC 22000’in en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zeliklerinden biri de olu\u015fturulma amac\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca g\u0131da \u00fcreticileri taraf\u0131ndan uygulanabilir olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Kapsama girebilecek \u00fcr\u00fcnler aras\u0131nda hayvansal \u00fcr\u00fcnler (kesim ve kesim \u00f6ncesi uygulamalar hari\u00e7), bitkisel \u00fcr\u00fcnler , uzun raf \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc ve ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda muhafaza edilebilen g\u0131dalar, g\u0131da \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan (biyo)kimyasal \u00fcr\u00fcnler (\u00f6rn: vitamin katk\u0131lar\u0131, biyok\u00fclt\u00fcrler) yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ayr\u0131ca bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7erisinde PAS 220 spesifikasyonunu baz alan ISO 22002-1 G\u0131da \u00dcreticileri i\u00e7in \u00d6n Gereksinim Programlar\u0131 k\u0131lavuzu da yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f, FSSC 22000 belgelendirme s\u00fcrecinde PAS 220 ile e\u015fit uygulanabilirli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

FSSC 22000 \u00d6zellikleri ve \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi<\/p>\n

FSSC 22000 gereklilikleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ana ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7ermektedir:<\/p>\n

-G\u0131da \u00fcreticilerinin g\u0131da g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sistemleri gereklilikleri,<\/p>\n

-Belgelendirme firmalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda gereklilikler,<\/p>\n

-FSSC 22000 akreditasyon kurallar\u0131<\/p>\n

-Payda\u015flar i\u00e7in kurallar<\/p>\n

G\u0131da \u00fcreticilerinin temelde t\u00fcm ISO 22000 ve PAS 220 standart gerekliliklerinin uygulanmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015f ve bunlara ilave olarak baz\u0131 konu ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131na ayr\u0131ca vurgulama yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n

– Yasal D\u00fczenlemelere uyum ve takibi,<\/p>\n

– M\u00fc\u015fteri gerekliliklerinin yerine getirilmesi<\/p>\n

– Verimli bir personel y\u00f6netimi sa\u011flamas\u0131.<\/p>\n

PAS 220(ISO 22002-1) i\u00e7eri\u011fi ve konu ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131:<\/p>\n

Bu k\u0131lavuz ISO 22000 G\u0131da G\u00fcvenli\u011fi standard\u0131nda ge\u00e7en 7.2.3 maddesinin 10 alt ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 detayland\u0131rmakla beraber bunlara ilave olarak son be\u015f maddeyi i\u00e7ermektedir:<\/p>\n

Binalar\u0131n yap\u0131s\u0131 ve yerle\u015fimi<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131, bina ve eklentilerinin yerle\u015fimi<\/p>\n

Yard\u0131mc\u0131 tesisler -hava, su, enerji<\/p>\n

At\u0131k ve kanalizasyon gibi destek hizmetleri<\/p>\n

Ekipman uygunlu\u011fu, temizlik, \u00f6nleyici bak\u0131m<\/p>\n

Sat\u0131n al\u0131nan malzemelerin y\u00f6netimi,<\/p>\n

\u00c7apraz bula\u015fmay\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in \u00f6nlemler<\/p>\n

Temizlik ve sanitasyon<\/p>\n

Ha\u015fere kontrol\u00fc<\/p>\n

Personel hijyeni ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan tesisleri<\/p>\n

Yeniden i\u015fleme (rework)<\/p>\n

\u00dcr\u00fcn geri \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rma (recall) prosed\u00fcrleri<\/p>\n

Depolama<\/p>\n

\u00dcr\u00fcn \u2013 t\u00fcketici bilgilendirilmesi<\/p>\n

G\u0131da savunma, biyosavunma ve biyoter\u00f6rizm<\/p>\n

FSSC 22000 Belgelendirme S\u00fcreci:<\/p>\n

FSSC 22000 belgelendirme s\u00fcrecinden ge\u00e7meyi planlayan i\u015fletmelerin izleyece\u011fi yol a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi s\u0131raland\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n